The Twelve Vows of the Medicine Buddha upon attaining Enlightenment, according to the Medicine Buddha Sutra are:
1. I vow that my body shall shine as beams of brilliant light on this infinite and boundless world, showering on all beings, getting rid of their ignorance and worries with my teachings. May all beings be like me, with a perfect status and character, upright mind and soul, and finally attaining enlightenment like the Buddha.
2. I vow that my body be like crystal, pure and flawless, radiating rays of splendid light to every corner, brightening up and enlightening all beings with wisdom. With the blessings of compassion, may all beings strengthen their spiritual power and physical energy, so that they could fulfil their dreams in the right track.
3. I vow that I shall grant by means of boundless wisdom, all beings with the inexhaustible things that they require, and relieving them from all pains and guilt resulting from materialistic desires. Although clothing, food, accommodation and transport are essentials, it should be utilised wisely as well. Besides self-consumption, the remaining should be generously shared with the community so that all could live harmoniously together.
4. I vow to lead those who have gone astray back to the path of righteousness. Let them be corrected and returned to the Buddha way for enlightenment.
5. I vow that I shall enable all sentient beings to observe precepts for spiritual purity and moral conduct. Should there be any relapse or violation, they shall be guided for repentance. Provided they truly regret their wrong-doings, and vow for a change with constant prayers and strong faith in the Buddha, they could receive the rays of forgiveness, recover their lost moral and purity.
6. I vow that all beings who are physically disabled or sick in all aspects be blessed with good health, both physically and mentally. All who pays homage to Buddha faithfully will be blessed.
7. I vow to relieve all pain and poverty of the very sick and poor. The sick be cured, the helpless be helped, the poor be assisted.
8. I vow to help women who are undergoing sufferings and tortures and seeking for transformation into men. By hearing my name, paying homage and praying, their wishes would be granted and ultimately attain Buddhahood.
9. I vow to free all beings from evil thoughts and its control. I shall lead them onto the path of light through inculcating them with righteousness and honour so that they will walk the Buddha way.
10. I vow to save prisoners who have genuinely repented and victims of natural disasters. Those who are sincere will be blessed by my supreme powers and be freed from sufferings.
11. I vow to save those who suffer from starvation and those who committed crime to obtain food. If they hear my name and faithfully cherish it, I shall lead them to the advantages of Dharma and favour them with best food and eventually lead a tranquil and happy life.
12. I vow to save those who suffer from poverty, tormented by mosquitoes and wasps day and night. If they come across my name, cherish it with sincerity and practise dharma to strengthen their merits, they will be able to achieve their wishes
依唐代義淨法師譯《藥師琉璃光七佛本願功德經》載，藥師佛又作七佛藥師，各發大願。此六佛與藥師琉璃光如來共稱藥師七佛，若前面再加上釋迦牟尼佛，則稱為藥師八佛；若後面再加上阿彌陀佛，則稱為藥師九佛。
善名稱吉祥王如來[編輯]
第一大願。願我來世得無上菩提時。若有眾生。為諸病苦逼切其身。熱病諸瘧蠱道厭魅起屍鬼等之所惱害。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故所有病苦悉皆消滅。乃至證得無上菩提
第二大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。盲聾瘖瘂白癩瘨狂眾病所困。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故。諸根具足眾病消滅。乃至菩提
第三大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。為貪瞋癡之所纏逼。造無間罪及諸惡行。誹謗正法不修眾善。當墮地獄受諸苦痛。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故令無間罪及諸業障悉皆消滅。無有眾生墮惡趣者常受人天殊勝安樂。乃至菩提
第四大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。少乏衣食瓔珞臥具財貨珍寶香花伎樂。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故所乏資生皆得充足。乃至菩提
第五大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。或被枷鎖繫縛其身。及以鞭撻受諸苦惱。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故所有苦楚。皆得解脫。乃至菩提
第六大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。於險難處為諸惡獸熊羆師子虎豹豺狼蚖蛇蝮蠍之所侵惱。欲斷其命發聲大叫受大苦時。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故所有恐怖皆得解脫。諸惡獸等悉起慈心。常得安樂。乃至菩提
第七大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。鬪諍言訟因生憂惱。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故鬪訟解散慈心相向。乃至菩提
第八大願。願我來世得菩提時。若有眾生。入於江海遭大惡風吹其船舫無有洲渚而作歸依極生憂怖。若能至心稱我名者。由是力故皆得隨心至安隱處受諸快樂。乃至菩提。